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5分钟帮你搞定托福词汇第一期 —— 植物学
2021-03-26 | 编辑 :y

  5分钟帮你搞定托福词汇第一期 —— 植物学

  接触过托福的同学应该都知道,在托福阅读或听力讲座中,涉及的学科范围很广,主要分为生命科学、人文科学、自然科学、社会科学四个大类,这四个大类下面分别还有一些小的类别。这让不少同学对这种专业性较强的文章一直是“闻风丧胆”,以至于发出这样的感慨“这些专业性较强的文章,中文我都不一定会,还要用英文去理解,真是难为我胖虎了”

  而托福的文章内容就真的这么晦涩难懂吗?其实还真不是,要知道,托福作为一个英语语言测试,是不会涉及到太深奥的学科知识的,可以说只要你具备基本的信息获取和理解能力,对于文本信息内容的理解就不在话下。但为什么大家还是会觉得难呢?其中一个原因就在于,这些讲座中的部分学术词汇日常比较少见,对它们的意思和读音都不够熟悉,这些单词要是都没有见过听过,就更不用说是是全文的深度理解了。

  为了帮助各位考生突破学术背景词汇带来的理解困难,下面给大家总结了生命科学类中植物学的学科词汇及读音、含义,赶紧动脑记下来吧。

  Flora /?fl?:r?/ n 植物,植物界

  示例 TPO29 Listening Lecture 1

  There's a link between biodiversity and pedodiversity, an obvious relationship between soils and flora and fauna

  Botany/?b?:t?ni <sound://bbotany_ggn_r1_oa027760.spx>/ n植物学

  Botanical?/b??t?n?kl <sound://bbotanical_ggj_r1_oa027770.spx>/ n植物学的

  “植物学”这个词,来源于法语的botanique,这里插播一个小故事,在澳大利亚有个海湾,就是以botany这个词命名的

  这个海湾以丰富多样的植物种类让17世纪初登澳大利亚的欧洲殖民者大为惊叹而得名Botany Bay。

  Plant/pl?nt/ n植物

  alpine/??lpa?n/ plant 高山植物

  marsh/mɑ:r?/ plant 沼泽植物

  host/ho?st/ plant 宿主植物

  示例  TPO48 Listening lecture 3

  And it always makes its way back to the host plant to feed, guided by the ants, the ant escort service, so to speak.

  针对某一株植物的不同部分进行细分

5分钟帮你搞定托福词汇第一期 —— 植物学

  Shoot system 茎叶系统

  Flower /?fla??(r)/ 花

  Lateral bud 侧芽

  Vegetative shoot 营养枝

  示例 TPO1 Listening Lecture 4

  vegetative parts of a plant's herbs and the flowers the marmots like to eat

  Node /no?d/ 茎节(叶子或者树枝从主茎杆长出的地方)

  Internode /?n?t?:no?d / 节间(两个茎节之间的部分)

  Leaf /li:f/ 叶子

  Stem /stem/ 茎

  示例 TPO19Listening Lecture 3

  carrying it down the leaves through the stems and into the roots

  Root system 根系

  Taproot /?t?pru:t/ 主根

  Lateral branch roots 侧向支根

  来源:<https://www.sciencefacts.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/Parts-of-a-Tree-Diagram.jpg>

  Crown /kra?n/ 树冠

  Twig /tw?g/ 细枝,嫩枝

  示例TPO20Listening Lecture 4

  The hare actually has abundant food in the small twigs it finds.)

  Branch /br?nt?/ 树枝

  示例TPO32 Listening Conversation 2

  scientists found evidence that ancient people had been harvesting the branches from pistachio and almond trees

  Fruit /fru:t/ 果实

  Foliage / ?fo?li?d?/ 枝叶(总称)

  Trunk /tr??k/ 树干

  Roof hairs 根须

  那了解完单一植物的各部分,我们再来看看不同的植物类型和植物的栖息地

  来源:<https://www.naturewatch.ca/plantwatch/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2014/07/plant_en.jpg>

  Shrub /?r?b/ n灌木

  示例TPO 8 Listening Lecture 1

  They clearly prefer hard wood forests with dense shrubs, bushes underneath the trees.

  Herb /h?:rb; h?:rb/ n草本植物

  示例 TPO18 Listening Lecture 3

  Technically speaking, a spice is part of an aromatic plant that is not a leaf or herb.

  Fern n蕨类植物

  Algae /??lgi:/ 藻,海藻

  Forest /?f?:r?st; ?fɑ:r?st/ n森林;林区

  Meadow /?medo?/ n草地,牧场

  Prairie /?preri/ n大草原,牧场

  示例TPO4 Reading Passage 1

  The other species, the Columbian white-tailed deer, in earlier times was common in the open prairie country

  Wetland /?wetl?nd/ n湿地,沼泽地

  Bog /b?:g/ n沼泽,泥塘

  Tundra /?t?ndr?/ n冻原,苔原(树木不生,底土常年冰冻的北极地区)

  示例 TPO36 Reading Passage 1

  Thus prairies and tundra regions, which have characteristic vegetations, also have characteristic soils.

  除此之外,还有很多和植物学息息相关的词汇,继续往下看哦

  Photosynthesis /?fo?to? ?s?nθ?s?s/ n光合作用

  示例TPO9 reading Passage 3

  The algae capture the sun's energy by photosynthesis and store it in organic molecules

  Symbiosis /?s?mba??o?s?s/ 共生(关系)

  Log /l?:g; lɑ:g/ n原木

  Timber /?t?mb?(r)/ n木材,木料

  示例TPO25 Reading Passage 2

  The step from buying foreign timber to buying foreign ships was regarded as a short one

  Nectar /?nekt?(r)/ n 花蜜

  Pollen /?pɑ:l?n/ n花粉

  示例TPO32 Reading Passage 3

  they gather nectar and pollen from a wide variety of flowers.

  Pollinate /?pɑ:l ?ne?t/ v授粉;传粉

  Pollination / ?pɑ:l ??ne??n/ n授粉;传粉

  Cross-breed v使杂交;杂交繁育

  Sprout /spra?t/ v发芽;抽芽;抽条;生长

  Shoot /?u:t/ n幼苗;嫩芽;新枝

  Shell /?el/ v给…去壳

  Cluster /?kl?st?(r)/ n(同类物丛生或聚集的)簇,团,束,串

  示例 TPO45 Reading Passage 2

  dense cylindrical clusters of small, petalless flowers

  看完这么多,大家对植物学的生词应该都掌握的不错了,不过单词背完终究还是要付诸实践,这里给大家提供相关的真题作为日常练手,练习完可以将正确率评论告诉我们哦!

  听力:TPO2 Listening Lecture 2 Manila Hemp

  阅读:TPO1 Passage 3 Timberline Vegetation on Mountains

  最后关于托福考试更多问题欢迎直接咨询老师即可哦~

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